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配置OpenWRT路由的方法详解

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　　OpenWRT是一个嵌入式Linux系统，想要了解嵌入式Linux系统的朋友有福了，今天小编要给大家介绍下OpenWRT路由的基本配置，一起来学习下吧。

　　chnroutes 路由表

　　这个路由表集中了所有分配到中国大陆的 IP 段，根据 https://ftp.apnic.net/apnic/stats/apnic/delegated-apnic-latest 每天自动更新，可使得在访问国内地址时不经过 VPN。

　　想想如果能够让家里的路由直接连接 VPN，在家连接 WiFi 的所有设备直接达到Fan墙的效果，应该很 Cool，所以最近在某宝整了一个 Netgear WNDR3800 二手路由回来，先后分别在 DD-WRT 和 OpenWRT 成功配置 VPN + chnroutes，最后还是选择了 OpenWRT。

　　DD-WRT vs OpenWRT

　　关于 DD-WRT 和 OpenWRT，我选择 OpenWRT 主要因为 DD-WRT ROM 中集成的软件太多，绝大多数用不到，要配置 jffs2 来保存脚本文件，一般配置则保存在nvram中，而且无线较不稳定，5G频段常搜索不到（当然可能是我这个路由器型号的支持问题）。OpenWRT 的配置文件语法统一，配置都存储在文件系统中，且 ROM 本身仅集成了必备组件，非常小，可以只安装需要的东西，WEB管理界面也是可选安装，简洁强大，经过若干天的使用一直比较稳定。

　　配置

　　已配置好 OpenWRT 上网的童鞋们可以直接跳过 1.刷 ROM 和 2.初始配置

　　1.刷 ROM

　　a.首先确定你的设备可以被 OpenWRT 所支持（到这里查看支持的设备列表：https://wiki.openwrt.org/toh/start），然后到这里下载编译好的 ROM：https://downloads.openwrt.org/ 。最新的 stable 版本是 attitude_adjustment（12.09），我下载的是 trunk 版本。

　　b.在 OpenWRT 官网找相应设备的 Wiki 页面查看刷机方法，一般都是在路由器官方Web固件升级页面直接刷入（我的 WNDR3800 Wiki页面是：https://wiki.openwrt.org/toh/netgear/wndr3800）

　　2.初始配置

　　a.路由器启动后，有的型号没有安装 Wifi 模块，需要先用网线连接到 LAN 口，本机 IP 配置为静态 192.168.1.x，然后 telnet 到 192.168.1.1，更改 root 密码，然后 ssh 连入，参考：https://wiki.openwrt.org/doc/start#configuring.openwrt

　　b.配置 WAN 口，让路由连上 Internet，参考：https://wiki.openwrt.org/doc/howto/internet.connection 。

　　比如要配置 PPPoE：

　　代码如下：

　　uci set network.wan.proto=pppoe

　　uci set network.wan.username=‘yougotthisfromyour@isp.su’

　　uci set network.wan.password=‘yourpassword’

　　uci commit network

　　ifup wan

　　c.安装 LuCI Web 管理界面并设置开机自动启动，参考：https://wiki.openwrt.org/doc/howto/luci.essentials

　　代码如下：

　　opkg update

　　opkg install luci

　　/etc/init.d/uhttpd start

　　/etc/init.d/uhttpd enable

　　d.浏览器输入路由器 LAN 侧 IP（多为192.168.1.1），进行 Wifi 等配置



 


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